{"id":86,"date":"2026-04-01T06:00:31","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T03:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/?p=86"},"modified":"2026-04-01T11:02:57","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T08:02:57","slug":"nasil-bir-anayasaiktidar-icin-degil-insan-icin-turkiyenin-yeni-anayasa-yolculugu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/?p=86","title":{"rendered":"Nas\u0131l Bir Anayasa? \u0130ktidar \u0130\u00e7in De\u011fil, \u0130nsan \u0130\u00e7in: T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Yeni Anayasa Yolculu\u011fu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Av. Meryem T\u00dcRKTEK\u0130N<\/strong> \/ Gelecek Partisi Genel Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye uzun s\u00fcredir yeni bir anayasa<\/strong> fikrini tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Ancak mesele \u00e7o\u011fu zaman aritmetik<\/strong> hesaplara, sistem modellerine<\/strong> ve teknik d\u00fczenlemelere s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Oysa as\u0131l soru \u015fudur: Devlet<\/strong> ile insan<\/strong> aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlanacakt\u0131r?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir anayasa<\/strong> yaln\u0131zca y\u00f6netim mimarisini belirlemez; insan\u0131n devlet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki konumunu<\/strong> tayin eder. E\u011fer birey, devlete kar\u015f\u0131 korunmas\u0131 gereken bir hak sahibi<\/strong> olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmezse, hangi sistemi kurarsan\u0131z kurun adalet<\/strong> \u00fcretemezsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anayasal d\u00fczen<\/strong>, insan\u0131<\/strong> merkeze alan; devleti<\/strong> ise s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve denetlenebilir bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131mlayan bir anlay\u0131\u015f \u00fczerine kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki Anayasam\u0131z<\/strong> ise, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ko\u015fullarda, devlet merkezli<\/strong> ve vesayet\u00e7i<\/strong> bir zihniyetle haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2017\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmet Sistemi<\/strong> ile bu otoriter ruh daha da tahkim edilmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada, anayasal kurumlar zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f<\/strong>; denge ve denetim mekanizmalar\u0131 i\u015flevsizle\u015fmi\u015f<\/strong>; devletin anayasada belirtilen niteliklerinden geriye gidilmi\u015f; uygulanmayan Anayasa mahkemesi (AYM<\/strong>) ve Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi (A\u0130HM)<\/strong> ihlal kararlar\u0131 nedeniyle hukuk devleti<\/strong> art\u0131k neredeyse bir \u201cyorum devleti\u201dne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oysa hukukun en temel ilkelerinden biri \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik<\/strong>tir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hukuk d\u00fczeni, bireyin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 makul \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6nceden kestirebilmesine imkan<\/strong> tan\u0131mal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik<\/strong>, yurtta\u015f\u0131n devlete g\u00fcven<\/strong> duymas\u0131n\u0131n asgari \u015fart\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer birey, en y\u00fcksek mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n dahi uygulan\u0131p uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6remiyorsa; orada anayasal g\u00fcvenlik<\/strong>ten s\u00f6z edilemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye’nin yeni bir anayasa<\/strong>ya ihtiyac\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak mesele yaln\u0131zca yeni bir metin kaleme almak de\u011fildir; mesele, devlet<\/strong> ile birey<\/strong> aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/strong> ve hukuk<\/strong> temelinde yeniden tan\u0131mlamak; mevcut sistemdeki keyfili\u011fi<\/strong> bitirecek, ge\u00e7mi\u015fin hasarlar\u0131n\u0131 ve hukuk devletini onaracak \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir sistemi hayaca ge\u00e7irebilmektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmet Sistemi, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften beri var olan pek \u00e7ok iktisadi, siyasi ve toplumsal sorunumuzu derinle\u015ftirmekle kalmam\u0131\u015f, bir\u00e7ok yeni sorun alan\u0131 da do\u011furmu\u015ftur. Bu nedenle Partimizin \u00f6ncelikli hedefi, demokratik bir hukuk devletinin in\u015fas\u0131<\/strong> do\u011frultusunda, cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet sistemini y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131rmak; parlamenter h\u00fck\u00fcmet sisteminin t\u00fcm unsurlar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> i\u00e7eren ve bu sisteme i\u015flerlik kazand\u0131racak kurum ve mekanizmalara yer veren bir anayasa reformunu<\/strong> y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe koymakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, Gelecek Partisi<\/strong> olarak G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f Parlamenter Sistem<\/strong> modelimizi t\u00fcm detaylar\u0131yla haz\u0131rlayarak 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda kamuoyuyla payla\u015ft\u0131k. Alt\u0131l\u0131 Masa d\u00f6neminde ise, alt\u0131 partinin i\u015fbirli\u011fiyle haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f Parlamenter Sistem Anayasa De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00d6nerisi\u2019ni<\/strong> 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda di\u011fer partilerle birlikte kamuoyuna a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131k. Ancak iktidar<\/strong>, sistem de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi fikrinden \u00e7ok uzak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor; yeni anayasa<\/strong> ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 metnin eskili\u011fi, vesayet\u00e7i ruhu<\/strong> ve \u201cmillilik\u2013yerlilik<\/strong>\u201d s\u00f6ylemleri \u00fczerinden gerek\u00e7elendiriyor. Oysa anayasa<\/strong> bir iktidar projesi<\/strong> de\u011fil, ger\u00e7ek bir toplumsal s\u00f6zle\u015fme<\/strong> olacaksa; yap\u0131m y\u00f6ntemi \u00e7o\u011fulcu<\/strong>, \u015feffaf<\/strong> ve m\u00fczakereye dayal\u0131<\/strong> olmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6te yandan \u201cmillilik<\/strong>\u201d ve \u201cyerlilik<\/strong>\u201d s\u00f6ylemlerinin hukuk biliminde<\/strong> teknik bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur; bu, b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle politik bir arg\u00fcmand\u0131r<\/strong>. Hukuk<\/strong> ne yaln\u0131zca bu topraklara ne de belli bir d\u00f6neme hapsedilebilir; o, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak miras\u0131<\/strong> \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilen bir bayrak yar\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>. T\u00fcrkiye de tarih boyunca bir\u00e7ok kanun d\u00fczenlemesinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 hukuktan<\/strong> yararlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eu an y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan Siyasi Partiler Kanunu<\/strong>\u2019nda Alman, Se\u00e7im Kanunu<\/strong>\u2019nda Bel\u00e7ika hukukunun izleri varken kimse \u201cyerlilik\u201d sorgulamas\u0131 yapmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak mesele insan haklar\u0131<\/strong> ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler<\/strong> oldu\u011funda \u201cmillilik\u201d z\u0131rh\u0131na b\u00fcr\u00fcnmek, hukuku evrensel standartlardan koparma<\/strong> \u00e7abas\u0131d\u0131r. Siyasetin dizayn\u0131nda k\u00fcresel<\/strong>, yurtta\u015f\u0131n haklar\u0131nda yerel<\/strong> kalmak a\u00e7\u0131k bir samimiyetsizliktir<\/strong>. As\u0131l sorun, mevcut anayasan\u0131n \u2018eski\u2019 veya \u2018yerli\u2019 olup olmamas\u0131nda de\u011fil; uygulama iradesinde ve bu denetimsiz sistemdedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ihtiyac\u0131 yaln\u0131zca yeni bir metin de\u011fil; anayasal sadakat<\/strong> ve k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir zihniyet devrimidir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anayasal Sadakat: Uygulanmayan H\u00fck\u00fcm Norm De\u011fildir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Anayasal sadakat, iktidarlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca i\u015fine gelen kararlar\u0131 de\u011fil; ho\u015flar\u0131na gitmeyen mahkeme h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini de kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z uygulama erdemidir. Bu ba\u011flamda, Can Atalay<\/strong> \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi AYM kararlar\u0131n\u0131n ya da ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal d\u00f6neminde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan KHK\u2019lara ili\u015fkin A\u0130HM kararlar\u0131n\u0131n yerine getirilmemesi, iktidar\u0131n yeni anayasa talebini tutarl\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong> bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ciddi bir s\u0131nava tabi tutmaktad\u0131r. Haklar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc<\/strong>, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun de\u011fil; g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz\u00fcn, az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve sesi k\u0131s\u0131lmak istenenin korunabildi\u011fi yerde<\/strong> ba\u015flar. Bu nedenle yeni anayasa, devlet iktidar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayan<\/strong>; temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcvenceye alan; demokratik me\u015fruiyeti \u00e7o\u011fulculuk temelinde g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren kurucu bir toplumsal s\u00f6zle\u015fme<\/strong> olarak tasarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6te yandan kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> ilkesi, yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, anayasal denetimin etkinli\u011fi demokratik hukuk devletinin<\/strong> vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlar\u0131d\u0131r. Anayasa, bu ilkeleri yaln\u0131zca tan\u0131mlamakla veya \u201ckararlar ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r\u201d demekle yetinmemeli; ihlali halinde etkili yapt\u0131r\u0131m mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlemelidir. Taraf oldu\u011fumuz temel haklara ili\u015fkin uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin kanunlar\u0131n anayasaya uygunluk denetiminde do\u011frudan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc oldu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131ms\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131lan bir h\u00fck\u00fcm norm de\u011fil<\/strong>, temennidir. Hukuku \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir, denetlenebilir ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 k\u0131lan mekanizmalar anayasal g\u00fcvence<\/strong> alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131; aksi halde en iyi metnin dahi i\u015flevsiz kalaca\u011f\u0131 bilinmelidir. Bu nedenle kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin; A\u0130HM<\/strong> ve AYM <\/strong>ihlal kararlar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate almamalar\u0131 veya y\u00fcksek yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 i\u015flem tesis etmeleri halinde, uygulanacak disiplin ve g\u00f6revden alma s\u00fcre\u00e7leri Anayasal g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131<\/strong>d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sadece kararlar\u0131n ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla de\u011fil, yarg\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fum bi\u00e7imi<\/strong>yle sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7la hakimler<\/strong> ve savc\u0131lar<\/strong> i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 kurullar \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmeli; se\u00e7im, g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi ve disiplin mekanizmalar\u0131 somut ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131<\/strong> \u015fekilde anayasal d\u00fczenlemeye konulmal\u0131; Hakimler Kurulu y\u00fcr\u00fctmeden tamamen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, Savc\u0131lar Kurulu ise farkl\u0131 bir stat\u00fcye kavu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Savunma<\/strong> makam\u0131 da anayasal stat\u00fc<\/strong>ye kavu\u015fturulmal\u0131 ve \u201csilahlar\u0131n e\u015fitli\u011fi<\/strong>\u201d ilkesiyle iddia ve savunma dengesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AYM yetkisi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmeli<\/strong>, \u00fcye yap\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma d\u00fczeni revize edilmeli; kararlar\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fi ve h\u0131z\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bireysel ba\u015fvuru hakk\u0131 geni\u015fletilmeli ve sosyal haklar da kapsama dahil edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuvvetler Ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f Parlamenter Sistem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131m\u0131z Say\u0131n Ahmet Davuto\u011flu\u2019nun da \u00f6nemle belirtti\u011fi gibi; anayasa<\/strong>, iktidarlar\u0131n g\u00fcncel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u015fekillenen konjonkt\u00fcrel metinler olamaz. Anayasa<\/strong>, gelecek ku\u015faklar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong> ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini<\/strong> koruyan kal\u0131c\u0131 bir denge ve denetim mimarisidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmet Sistemi, y\u00fcr\u00fctme lehine belirgin bir g\u00fc\u00e7 yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015f; yasama ve yarg\u0131n\u0131n denetim kapasitesi daralm\u0131\u015f, karar alma s\u00fcre\u00e7leri tek merkezde toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu g\u00fc\u00e7 birikimi, kurumsal dengeyi zay\u0131flatm\u0131\u015f ve hukuk devleti ilkesinin i\u015fleyi\u015fini ciddi bi\u00e7imde a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2025 Rule of Law Index verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc endeksi<\/strong>nde 143 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 118. s\u0131raya gerilemi\u015f; b\u00f6lgesel s\u0131ralamada 15 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 14. s\u0131rada, gelir grubu s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda ise 41 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 37. s\u0131rada yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son on y\u0131lda T\u00fcrkiye, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc genel s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda 38 basamak, gelir grubu s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda ise 13 basamak kaybetmi\u015ftir. Bu gerilemenin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenleri ise; yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki zay\u0131flama<\/strong>, hesap verebilirlik eksikli\u011fi<\/strong> ve temel haklarda ya\u015fanan ciddi gerilemedir<\/strong>.<\/strong> Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla mesele yaln\u0131zca yeni bir anayasa metni haz\u0131rlamak de\u011fil; bu kurumsal ve normatif gerilemeyi durduracak<\/strong>, hukuk devletini fiilen i\u015fler hale getirecek<\/strong> yeni bir anayasal d\u00fczen kurmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle yeni anayasal modelde y\u00fcr\u00fctme, mutlaka Meclis i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131kan<\/strong> ve Meclis\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 siyasal sorumlulu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k ve denetlenebilir bi\u00e7imde tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f<\/strong> bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet yap\u0131s\u0131na kavu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k makam\u0131n\u0131n yeniden ihdas\u0131<\/strong>, y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin tek merkezli bir irade yerine kolektif sorumluluk ve parlamenter denge temelinde i\u015flemesini sa\u011flayacak kurumsal bir zorunluluktur.  <\/strong>Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ise, tarafs\u0131z, tek d\u00f6nemli ve sembolik yetkilerle donat\u0131lmal\u0131; y\u00fcr\u00fctme yetkisi h\u00fck\u00fcmete ait olmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmetin g\u00f6reve gelmesi ve g\u00f6revden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 Meclis iradesine ba\u011flanmal\u0131; yap\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcvensizlik oyu mekanizmas\u0131 ile hem siyasal istikrar korunmal\u0131 hem de Meclisin denetim g\u00fcc\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yasama organ\u0131n\u0131n denetim kapasitesi yeniden in\u015fa edilmelidir. B\u00fct\u00e7e hakk\u0131 eksiksiz bi\u00e7imde TBMM\u2019ye ait olmal\u0131; Meclis onaylamad\u0131k\u00e7a b\u00fct\u00e7e y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girememeli ve s\u0131k\u0131 denetime tabi tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Say\u0131\u015ftay raporlar\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fi yerine getirilmedi\u011finde do\u011facak hukuki ve siyasal sonu\u00e7lar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milletvekili dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaln\u0131zca yasama faaliyetini ve siyasal temsili korumal\u0131; yolsuzluk ve a\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7 iddialar\u0131nda hesap verebilirli\u011fi engelleyecek bir koruma kalkan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmemelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se\u00e7im sistemi, \u00e7o\u011fulcu temsili<\/strong>, e\u015fit rekabeti<\/strong> ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alacak \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131k ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmelidir. Siyasi partilerin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131; bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te uluslararas\u0131 demokratik standartlar esas al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anayasan\u0131n Tepesinde \u0130nsan Onuru Olmal\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bir anayasa<\/strong> yaln\u0131zca bir y\u00f6netim modeli de\u011fildir; bireyin devlet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki konumunu<\/strong> belirleyen kurucu bir belgedir. \u0130nsan onuru<\/strong>, temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin anayasal dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Bu nedenle haklar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 devletin takdiri de\u011fil, insan\u0131n do\u011fu\u015ftan sahip oldu\u011fu de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yeni anayasa<\/strong>, h\u00fcrriyet\u00e7i<\/strong> bir felsefeyi hakim k\u0131lmal\u0131 ve \u015fu normatif \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde kurmal\u0131d\u0131r: H\u00fcrriyet esast\u0131r, s\u0131n\u0131rlama istisnad\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ancak kanunla, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygun, insan haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131l\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck<\/strong> ilkesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131labilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131<\/strong>, i\u015fkence yasa\u011f\u0131, masumiyet karinesi, adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 ve su\u00e7ta-cezada kanunilik ilkesi, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hallerde dahi ask\u0131ya al\u0131namayacak \u00e7ekirdek haklar<\/strong> olarak yapt\u0131r\u0131ml\u0131 bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenmelidir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, ifade<\/strong> ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmeli; sans\u00fcr kesin olarak yasaklanmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00d6rg\u00fctlenme ile toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri<\/strong> y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc hakk\u0131 demokratik toplumun temeli olarak g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131; temel haklar<\/strong> yaln\u0131zca istisnai ve ge\u00e7ici<\/strong> olarak s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haberle\u015fmenin gizlili\u011fi korunmal\u0131; soru\u015fturma dosyalar\u0131ndan s\u0131zd\u0131rmalar<\/strong> a\u011f\u0131r yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara ba\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Devletin soru\u015fturma g\u00fcc\u00fc<\/strong>n\u00fcn, yarg\u0131lama ba\u015flamadan ki\u015fileri medya yoluyla mahkum etmesine izin verilemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kurumsal G\u00fcvence: Anayasa Bir Hukuki \u00c7er\u00e7evedir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Anayasa<\/strong>, yaln\u0131zca de\u011ferler beyan\u0131 de\u011fil; iktidar\u0131 hukukla s\u0131n\u0131rlayan ve kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kurallara ba\u011flayan \u00e7er\u00e7eve bir normlar sistemi<\/strong>dir. Demokratik rejimin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi, ki\u015filere de\u011fil kurumsal g\u00fcvencelere<\/strong> dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle yeni anayasa<\/strong>, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankas\u0131 ile ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z d\u00fczenleyici ve denetleyici kurumlar\u0131n g\u00f6rev ve yetkilerini anayasal g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kurumlar\u0131n y\u00f6netim ve atama usulleri nesnel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlere<\/strong> ba\u011flanmal\u0131; keyf\u00ee m\u00fcdahalelere kapal\u0131 bir sistem kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamu y\u00f6netiminde liyakat ilkesi<\/strong> anayasal d\u00fczeyde tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131; kamu hizmetine giri\u015f ve y\u00fckselme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, objektiflik<\/strong> ve \u015feffafl\u0131k<\/strong> esaslar\u0131na dayanmal\u0131; \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir ve denetlenebilir kriterlere dayal\u0131 bir personel rejimi<\/strong> tesis edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7o\u011fulculuk, Yerel Demokrasi ve Sosyal Devlet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Demokratik \u00e7o\u011fulculuk<\/strong> yaln\u0131zca siyasal partiler d\u00fczeyinde de\u011fil; yerel y\u00f6netimler d\u00fczeyinde de anayasal g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yerel y\u00f6netimlerin mali ve idari \u00f6zerkli\u011fi<\/strong> g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmeli; se\u00e7ilmi\u015f yerel y\u00f6neticilerin g\u00f6revden al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/strong> ancak kesinle\u015fmi\u015f yarg\u0131 karar\u0131<\/strong>yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Merkezi idarenin vesayet yetkisi<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131k, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve yarg\u0131 denetimine tabi olacak bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yurtta\u015flar\u0131n y\u00f6netime kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran mekanizmalar anayasal dayanak kazanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7e<\/strong>, yerel referandum<\/strong> ve yurtta\u015f inisiyatifi<\/strong> gibi ara\u00e7lar demokratik s\u00fcrecin tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 unsurlar\u0131 olarak d\u00fczenlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temsilde adalet<\/strong> ilkesi do\u011frultusunda se\u00e7im sistemi \u00e7o\u011fulculu\u011fu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek bi\u00e7imde yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131; se\u00e7im baraj\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131larak her oyun Mecliste adil temsili sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sosyal devlet, yaln\u0131zca hak tan\u0131yan de\u011fil; bu haklar\u0131n fiilen kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ekonomik ve kurumsal mekanizmalar\u0131 kurmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu itibarla sosyal devlet ilkesi soyut bir ilke olarak de\u011fil, somut y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler do\u011furan anayasal bir norm olarak d\u00fczenlenmelidir. Asgari ya\u015fam g\u00fcvencesi<\/strong> anayasal hak olarak tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131; \u00fccret adaleti<\/strong> ve sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sisteminin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi<\/strong> devletin pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olarak a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirlenmelidir. Sosyal ve ekonomik haklar, \u00f6zellikle sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/strong>, e\u011fitim<\/strong>, konut,<\/strong> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong> haklar\u0131 fiilen g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almal\u0131 ve ihlali halinde uygulanacak yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00fcvenceye alacak \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ceza Adaleti, Kad\u0131n ve \u00c7ocuk Haklar\u0131n\u0131n Anayasal G\u00fcvencesi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Son y\u0131llarda \u00f6zellikle kad\u0131na ve \u00e7ocu\u011fa y\u00f6nelik su\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan toplumda derin bir cezas\u0131zl\u0131k alg\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerindeki gecikmeler, infaz rejimindeki farkl\u0131 uygulamalar ve kamu vicdan\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyen kararlar, adalet sistemine duyulan g\u00fcveni a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Oysa hukuk devleti, yaln\u0131zca su\u00e7un tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131yla de\u011fil; etkin soru\u015fturma, adil yarg\u0131lama ve e\u015fit infaz g\u00fcvencesiyle anlam kazan\u0131r. Bu nedenle ceza adalet sisteminin temel ilkeleri anayasal d\u00fczeyde a\u00e7\u0131k ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ceza adalet sisteminde infazda d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ve e\u015fitlik ilkesi<\/strong> anayasal g\u00fcvenceye kavu\u015fturulmal\u0131; infaz rejimi nesnel, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir ve denetlenebilir kurallara dayanarak keyf\u00ee uygulamalar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dclkemizde kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddetle m\u00fccadele, idarenin takdir yetkisine b\u0131rak\u0131lamaz; devletin \u015fiddeti \u00f6nleme, koruma, etkili soru\u015fturma ve cezaland\u0131rma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong> anayasal d\u00fczeyde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pozitif ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, <\/strong>toplumsal e\u015fitli\u011fi sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla t\u00fcm k\u0131r\u0131lgan ve dezavantajl\u0131 gruplar\u0131 kapsayacak bi\u00e7imde anayasal g\u00fcvenceye kavu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cinsiyet e\u015fitli\u011fi<\/strong>nin fiilen sa\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla anayasal mekanizmalar kurulmal\u0131; kamu g\u00f6revlerinde ve se\u00e7im listelerinde kota ve fermuar sistemi<\/strong> gibi uygulamalar anayasal dayana\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kad\u0131na ve \u00e7ocu\u011fa y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet veya cinsel<\/strong> dokunulmazl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen su\u00e7lardan kesinle\u015fmi\u015f mahk\u00fbmiyeti bulunan ki\u015filer bak\u0131m\u0131ndan milletvekili adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve se\u00e7ilme yeterlili\u011fi<\/strong> anayasal d\u00fczeyde s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131<\/strong>d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ocu\u011fun \u00fcst\u00fcn yarar\u0131 ilkesi, t\u00fcm kamusal i\u015flemlerde ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 norm olarak d\u00fczenlenmeli; \u00e7ocuklarla ilgili her durumda \u00f6ncelikli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct<\/strong> olarak uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ocuk i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi<\/strong>, erken ya\u015fta evlilik<\/strong> ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc istismar anayasal d\u00fczeyde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yasaklanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini serbest\u00e7e ifade etme hakk\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131; sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli bir \u00e7evrede b\u00fcy\u00fcme haklar\u0131 korunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ekolojik G\u00fcvenlik: Milli Sorumluluk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik kavram\u0131 yaln\u0131zca askeri tehditlerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir; su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, g\u0131da krizi<\/strong> ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/strong> gibi riskler de do\u011frudan ulusal g\u00fcvenlik meselesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 korumak ne kadar milli bir g\u00f6rev ise; topra\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, su kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve iklimimizi<\/strong> korumak da ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde milli bir sorumluluktur. Bu nedenle ekolojik g\u00fcvenlik<\/strong> anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve ku\u015faklar aras\u0131 adalet<\/strong> ilkesi anayasal d\u00fczeyde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli bir \u00e7evre<\/strong>de ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 ile g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/strong>, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve uygulanabilir bir \u015fekilde anayasal g\u00fcvence alt\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Devlet; do\u011fal varl\u0131klar\u0131 koruma<\/strong> ve gelecek nesillere ya\u015fanabilir bir \u00e7evre b\u0131rakma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde \u00fcstlenmeli, bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ihlali anayasal yapt\u0131r\u0131ma ba\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca hayvan haklar\u0131<\/strong> da anayasal koruma kapsam\u0131na dahil edilerek, hukuk devletinin \u00e7evre ve ya\u015fam b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7: T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u00e7in Re\u00e7etemiz Haz\u0131r<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Burada nas\u0131l bir anayasa istedi\u011fimizi \u00f6zetle ifade ettik. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm re\u00e7etemiz uygulanmaya haz\u0131rd\u0131r: B\u00fcy\u00fck bir itinayla haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f Parlamenter Sistem Gelecek Modelimiz<\/strong> ve alt\u0131 partinin i\u015f birli\u011fiyle ortaya konulan G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f Parlamenter Sistem Anayasa De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00d6nerimiz<\/strong>, siyasi tarihimizin en geni\u015f mutabakat metinleridir<\/strong> ve daha \u00f6nce kamuoyunun bilgisine sunulmu\u015ftur. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na resmi internet sitemizden ula\u015f\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bize g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ihtiyac\u0131 olan anayasa:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Devleti de\u011fil insan\u0131<\/strong> merkeze alan,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcc\u00fc de\u011fil hakk\u0131<\/strong> kutsayan,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fu de\u011fil insan onurunu<\/strong> esas alan bir anayasa olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak her \u015feyden \u00e7ok ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olan \u015fey, o metne ruh verecek anayasal ahlakt\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fam\u0131 ve insan onurunu<\/strong> \u00f6ncelemeyen bir d\u00fczenin adaleti; adaleti<\/strong> devletin temeli olarak g\u00f6rmeyen bir siyasi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n<\/strong> tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, daima eksik ve yetersiz kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gelecek Partisi<\/strong> olarak talebimiz nettir: Yeni anayasa, iktidar\u0131n kendi gelece\u011fini tahkim etti\u011fi bir metin de\u011fil; gen\u00e7lerin<\/strong> istikbali uzak diyarlarda aramad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n<\/strong> f\u0131rsat e\u015fitli\u011fini yakalad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n<\/strong> korkmadan sokaklarda oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve herkesin insanca ya\u015fayabildi\u011fi<\/strong> bir T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sars\u0131lmaz temeli olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu anayasa; t\u00fcm hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan, insan onurunu<\/strong> her t\u00fcrl\u00fc siyasi ajandan\u0131n \u00fczerinde tutan, hukuk devletini onaracak \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir sistemi<\/strong> hayata ge\u00e7irecek bir toplumsal s\u00f6zle\u015fme olarak tasarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Parti Program\u0131 ve Ortak Mutabakat Metinleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n