{"id":372,"date":"2026-08-01T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/?p=372"},"modified":"2026-08-01T09:48:38","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T06:48:38","slug":"insani-mi-yoksa-kotuluk-eylemini-mi-cezalandiriyoruz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/?p=372","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nsan\u0131 m\u0131 Yoksa K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck Eylemini mi Cezaland\u0131r\u0131yoruz?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ahmet MERCAN<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsan, toplumsal ya\u015fant\u0131ya ihtiya\u00e7 duyan ve toplumu olu\u015fturan varl\u0131kt\u0131r. D\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6zlerini ailede a\u00e7an, okul ile \u00e7evreyle ilgi kurma s\u00fcrecine giren insan, m\u00fcmeyyiz vasf\u0131na eri\u015fti\u011finde meslek \u00fczerinden topluma katk\u0131 sunar ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ileti\u015fime girer. Toplumsal hayat prati\u011fi ve potansiyeli, “d\u00fczeni” gerekli k\u0131lar. Hukuk ise ayr\u0131m ve ayr\u0131cal\u0131k tan\u0131madan insanlar\u0131 bir arada tutar, korunan haklar \u00fczerinden duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sorumlulu\u011fu devreye al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131n hukuka uygun ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 en az sorunla sa\u011flayan ilk dinamik, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde dillendirilmeyen sorumluluk kavram\u0131d\u0131r. Ki\u015fiye has sorumluluk, di\u011fer bireylerin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn teminat\u0131d\u0131r. Sorumlulu\u011fun toplum hayat\u0131ndaki oran\u0131yla paralel, ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n denge ve ahengi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Sorumlulu\u011fun y\u00fcksek ortak payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, toplumun kalitesini olumlu y\u00f6nde besler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toplum ak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ki\u015fi ve veya gruplar\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 bozan eylemleri, \u00f6nceden olu\u015fturulmu\u015f yasalar ve kurallar do\u011frultusunda d\u00fczeltilip onar\u0131l\u0131r. Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 bozan eylemler \u201csu\u00e7\u201dtur. Su\u00e7 ise “ceza” olgusunu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak \u00fcretir. Su\u00e7un tespiti, su\u00e7lunun pi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden \u0131slah\u0131, i\u015flenen fiilin cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli hale gelir. Di\u011fer yandan toplumun g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve su\u00e7un me\u015fruiyet kazanmamas\u0131 da ayn\u0131 derecede \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r. Toplumsal ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n s\u0131hhatini konu alan bu ihtiya\u00e7lar, ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 bozan eylemlerin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, yani su\u00e7 ile ceza ili\u015fkisi gibi bir ba\u015fl\u0131k \u00fcretir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarihteki en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck toplumsal k\u00fcmeden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar netlik kazanmadan s\u00fcregiden tart\u0131\u015fmalar hep, “hangi su\u00e7a ne kadar ceza ve ni\u00e7in?” sorusunu diri k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sorunun ni\u00e7in k\u0131sm\u0131 bahse konu \u00fc\u00e7 gerek\u00e7e olan a) su\u00e7lunun \u0131slah\u0131, b) toplumun korunmas\u0131, c) \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil etmemesi ile kar\u015f\u0131lanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen sorunun temelini olu\u015fturan su\u00e7 ile ceza ili\u015fkisinin tespiti k\u00fclt\u00fcrlere, geleneklere, tecr\u00fcbe duyarl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fken olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fleni\u015fi itibariyle bir su\u00e7un maddi ve manevi unsurlar\u0131 ile cezan\u0131n asgari ve azami oranlar\u0131 mahkemelerin tespiti ve takdirine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu da \u201csoyut ceza kriterleri hangi ceza t\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerinden devreye al\u0131nacak?\u201d gibi yeni bir soru do\u011fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bedensel cezalar, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn, kamplarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve hapis yoluyla su\u00e7luyu al\u0131koyma ve benzeri yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar, tarih i\u00e7inden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar s\u00fcren k\u00fclt\u00fcrel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 farkl\u0131 ceza t\u00fcrleridir. \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ke\u015fif ve bulu\u015flar \u00fczerinden birbirini etkilemesiyle de hapis yoluyla cezaland\u0131rma t\u00fcm farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalar\u0131n ortak kabul\u00fcn\u00fc kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cezaland\u0131rma t\u00fcrlerinin en a\u011f\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bu ceza t\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerinde durmak ihtiyac\u0131 hissediyorum. \u0130nsana “\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hissi” veren “yapabilirlik” duygusudur. \u0130nsan belki de hi\u00e7 gidemeyece\u011fi bir \u015fehre, beldeye gitme yasa\u011f\u0131 kondu\u011funda da cezaya \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. Buna benzer sayamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kadar \u00f6rnek s\u0131ralayabiliriz. Hayat \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcme gelmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Say\u0131s\u0131z soyut ve somut zenginlikler bar\u0131nd\u0131ran hayat\u0131 anlaml\u0131 k\u0131lan ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck duygusu veren, “irade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc”d\u00fcr. Ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n hakk\u0131na m\u00fcdahale i\u00e7ermeden yapabilme iradesinin elimizde olmas\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda hayat\u0131n tad\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fczelli\u011fini ele verir. Her an da\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmada \u00f6zg\u00fcr\u00fcz, \u00e7ay bah\u00e7esinde dostlarla sohbet edebiliriz. Denize a\u00e7\u0131labiliriz. Dile gelmez pek \u00e7ok ihtimalin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 veya tercih edilmemesi \u00f6zg\u00fcr iradenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla anlaml\u0131d\u0131r, D\u00fcnyaya sava\u015flar\u0131n h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu, f\u00fczelerin ku\u015flardan h\u0131zl\u0131 u\u00e7tu\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde dahi “hayat\u0131 g\u00fczel yapaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131za” dair irademizin verdi\u011fi “umut”, t\u00fckenmeyen su gibi aziz bir de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hapishane yoluyla cezaland\u0131rma t\u00fcr\u00fc ise insan\u0131n “iradesinin ba\u011flanmas\u0131”, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlenmesi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak evreninin \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnden kopar\u0131lan ve d\u00f6rt duvarla iradesi tutsak edilen insan\u0131 hangi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerden mahrum b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, “kanun koyucunun” iyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesi gerekir! Sayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kadar, hatta kategorile\u015ftiremeyece\u011fimiz kadar \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc elinden al\u0131nan insan\u0131n “\u0131slah\u0131” m\u0131, “t\u00fckeni\u015fi” mi daha y\u00fcksek ihtimal ta\u015f\u0131r. Nitekim \u00e7eyrek y\u00fczy\u0131la \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lan a\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7lular\u0131n \u0131slah\u0131 bir yana, cezaevinde pek \u00e7ok olumlu \u00f6zelliklerini yitirdikleri, \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131klara du\u00e7ar olduklar\u0131, “g\u00fcvenlik\u00e7i anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n” g\u00f6rmek istemedi\u011fi somut ger\u00e7ekliklerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konunun b\u00f6yle ele al\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131 soru hemen devreye girer; “O zaman ceza vermeyelim mi? Cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131z?”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Soru \u015fahsi olmaktan ziyade tahlili ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmaya y\u00f6neliktir. Toplumun ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 “k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck” ile engelleyen, ma\u011fdur \u00fcreten eylemler cezaya muhatapt\u0131r. Ancak samimi pi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0131slah \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7erli k\u0131lacak ve su\u00e7un \u015fahsili\u011fini bozmayacak ceza y\u00f6ntemleri geli\u015ftirmek, hatta farkl\u0131 hedefleri ayn\u0131 anda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren “bile\u015fik y\u00f6ntemler” ihdas etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On yedinci y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren varl\u0131k bulan “ceza ne kadar a\u011f\u0131r olursa cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n o kadar fazla olaca\u011f\u0131” g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yeniden de\u011ferlendirmeye a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Topluma farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nelim imkanlar\u0131 sunulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Cezan\u0131n korku yoluyla, yasaklar \u00fczerinden cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek yerine, su\u00e7u te\u015fvik eden yollar\u0131n ve cazip hale getiren hatta bazen mecbur b\u0131rakan \u015fartlar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, kimi durumlarda cezadan daha etkili sonu\u00e7lar verebilir. Yoksullu\u011fun sosyal patlama e\u015fi\u011fine geldi\u011fi, servetin belli ellerde topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015fsizli\u011fin h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir ortamda f\u0131r\u0131ndan ekmek “\u00e7alana” ceza verildi\u011finde, kanun koyucu ve uygulaman\u0131n karar mercii olan hakim mutmain olabiliyorsa, umut a\u011f\u0131r yara alm\u0131\u015f demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131n ve gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n orant\u0131 kabul etmez \u015fekilde bozuldu\u011fu bir ortamda, kendini \u00e7aresiz hisseden gen\u00e7li\u011fe uyu\u015fturucu pazar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p sonra da cezaya \u00e7arpt\u0131rmak \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131za has bir tutumdur. Bir yandan vir\u00fcs \u00fcretirseniz, hastalar\u0131 tek tek tedaviye alarak problemi \u00e7\u00f6zemezsiniz. Devletler \u00f6nce s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131mayan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz reklamlar \u00fczerinden “\u00e7\u0131lg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131” te\u015fvik ediyor ya da izin veriyor, sonra da \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc cezan\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda buluyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bireysel su\u00e7lar gibi “devlete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar ve ter\u00f6r” de, su\u00e7u \u00f6nleyici yap\u0131lanmay\u0131 \u00f6nce devlet i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli k\u0131lacak bir \u00f6zele\u015ftiriyi gerekli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ulus devlet kendinden kaynaklanan \u00f6zellikleri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden toplumdaki \u00e7ok seslili\u011fi tehlikeli g\u00f6r\u00fcr. \u0130nsan tekine has olan as\u0131l \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ise insan\u0131n varl\u0131k tasavvurunu ve ona uygun ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc benimsemesidir. Ancak “ulus devlet” vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnece\u011fini, nas\u0131l ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, k\u0131saca insana ait olan do\u011fru ile yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131 belirleme yetkisini kendi uhdesinde g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Kendine has ideoloji ile olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u015fablona vurur, b\u00fct\u00fcn farkl\u0131 beyan ve d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini. \u015eablona uymayan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 “devlet d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131” olarak yorumlar. Toplumu ideolojik bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutmak ad\u0131na, elindeki anayasadan ba\u015flayan b\u00fct\u00fcn imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 seferber eder. \u0130fade, din ve vicdan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 “farkl\u0131” eylemlere, etkinliklere, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve yap\u0131lanmalara izin vermez. T\u00fcrkiye, ulus devlet yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sert\u00e7e uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Siyasi tarihimiz ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ge\u00e7mi\u015fimiz, ihtilaller \u00fczerinden say\u0131s\u0131z \u00f6rnekle ibret al\u0131nmay\u0131 bekliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geldi\u011fimiz a\u015fama, insan\u0131n \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, devletin sivil alana m\u00fcdahaleden \u00e7ekilmesi gerekti\u011fi savunulan ve devletlerin ileti\u015fim y\u00f6n\u00fcnden i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bir d\u00f6nemdir. De\u011fi\u015fen \u015fartlar, “devlete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar”\u0131n yeniden ele al\u0131nmas\u0131, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin temel, yasaklar\u0131n istisna kabul edilmesi ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Devlet, elindeki copu b\u0131rak\u0131p insan\u0131n\u0131n zenginli\u011fini g\u00f6rme ve yanl\u0131\u015f-do\u011fru demeden insanlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine kar\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fczlemde kendi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yeniden tan\u0131mlama noktas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bunu \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k hissetmeli, insanlar\u0131n i\u015flerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rarak ve insan\u0131n \u00f6nemini \u00f6nceleyerek me\u015fru varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmelidir. Ad\u0131m atmaya da, “devlete kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar” bahsini ele alarak ba\u015flamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fanan Sorunlar ve \u00d6neriler<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

“Su\u00e7-ceza” \u00fczerinde yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye, daha i\u015fin ba\u015f\u0131ndan, kanun koyma a\u015famas\u0131ndan ba\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde daha ziyade siyasi tarafgirlik i\u00e7eren tart\u0131\u015fmalar, pop\u00fcler konular ve magazin i\u00e7eren davalar g\u00fcndem bulmakta ve yine tarafgirlik \u00fczerinden kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yorumlar yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarg\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015finde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi gereken, d\u00fczeltilmesi gereken \u00e7o\u011fu da uygulamadan kaynaklanan sorunlar mevcuttur. Kanunun muhatab\u0131 yarg\u0131 mensuplar\u0131 ve \u00fcst meslek birlikleridir. H\u00e2kim, savc\u0131 ve avukat \u00fczerinden ilgili bakanl\u0131k \u00fczerinden sorunlar ele al\u0131narak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Di\u011fer taraftan kamuoyunu ilgilendiren t\u00fcrl\u00fc sorunlar b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u015famalarda ya\u015fanmakta, medyaya yans\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Sistematik i\u015fkence \u00f6nlendi, ancak zaman zaman, s\u0131kl\u0131kla olmasa da \u00e7\u0131plak arama benzeri onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u015fikayetler medyada yer buluyor. Konunun \u00fcst\u00fcne resmi ve sivil b\u00fct\u00fcn kurumlar\u0131n gitmesi, konunun a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fmas\u0131, i\u015fkence varsa su\u00e7lular\u0131n tespit edilip cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Devlet kendine kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar\u0131n alanlar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden ele alarak ilgili kurumlar ve STK’lar ile birlikte yeniden d\u00fczenlemeli, devlete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7 alanlar\u0131 daralt\u0131lmal\u0131, bu alanla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 af ilan edilmeli.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Kimi yarg\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 kamu vicdan\u0131n\u0131 rahats\u0131z ediyor. Bu konuda varsa bilgi eksikli\u011fi d\u00fczeltilmeli, hatal\u0131 kararlar g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmeli.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Su\u00e7un \u015fahsili\u011fi cezan\u0131n da \u015fahsili\u011fini gerektirir. Hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n tek se\u00e7enek olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7e\u015fitlendirilmesi \u00f6nemli hale gelmi\u015ftir. Mahk\u00fbmun b\u00fct\u00fcn iradesine el koymakla aileye yap\u0131lan maddi ve manevi katk\u0131n\u0131n kesilmesi b\u00fct\u00fcn ailenin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na neden oluyor. A\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7lar da dahil, k\u0131smi hapis cezas\u0131ndan sonra farkl\u0131 a\u015famalar, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn, a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131 devreye al\u0131nabilmeli. Su\u00e7 maddi ise ceza alternatifi olarak mahk\u00fbm bor\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131labilmeli. Trafik su\u00e7lar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi ticari alana ait su\u00e7larda paraya \u00e7evirme, i\u015fyeri ruhsat\u0131 iptali ve benzeri uygulamalar yap\u0131lmal\u0131. Daha ziyade kanun koyucuyu ilgilendiren bu ve benzeri uygulamalar mahkemenin kanaatine de ge\u00e7erlilik kazand\u0131rmal\u0131. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck su\u00e7larda a\u011fa\u00e7 dikme, kitap okuma ve benzeri \u0131slaha y\u00f6nelik e\u011fitim i\u00e7erikli cezalar verilmeli. B\u00fct\u00fcn su\u00e7larda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tercihi de dikkate al\u0131narak, bedensel cezalar da se\u00e7enek olarak bulunmal\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Islah, kravat takarak kolay ve pe\u015fin bir \u015fekilde “iyi h\u00e2l”e ula\u015fma durumu de\u011fildir. Bunun i\u00e7in, mahk\u00fbmun “umut hakk\u0131n\u0131” koruyacak, sivil katk\u0131ya a\u00e7\u0131k, akademi ve yarg\u0131 \u00fcyelerinden olu\u015fan bir kuruma ihtiya\u00e7 var. Bu kurum pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ve \u0131slah\u0131n imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturman\u0131n yan\u0131nda, \u00e7e\u015fitli e\u011fitim ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmal\u0131, mahk\u00fbmun ailesine katk\u0131 yapabilmesinin imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. Cezaevi \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi, mahk\u00fbm haklar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi ve mahk\u00fbmlar\u0131n e\u011fitim ve sanat alanlar\u0131nda \u00f6nlerinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve te\u015fvik edilmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131 \/ imk\u00e2n verilmelidir<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. Devletin yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn ilgilenmedi\u011fi ihtiya\u00e7 alanlar\u0131nda ya da tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131nda zorunlu\/\u00fccretli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma imk\u00e2n\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131. Tar\u0131m Kredi’ye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak devlet arazilerinde, ge\u00e7im zorlu\u011fu ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir. G\u00fcndelik kullan\u0131mda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck e\u015fyalar i\u00e7in at\u00f6lyelerde ayn\u0131 mahk\u00fbmlar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. Elektronik imk\u00e2n\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takip kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sayesinde mahk\u00fbmlar\u0131n, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta iki ayda bir, ileri a\u015famada ayda bir, aileleriyle bir g\u00fcn ve gece ge\u00e7irmeleri sa\u011flanabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. \u015eahsi davalar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan arabuluculu\u011fun di\u011fer alanlara da ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10. Kaza sonucu yaralama ve \u00f6l\u00fcme sebep olma konular\u0131nda su\u00e7lu ile ma\u011fdur aile aras\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme nezaret edilmeli, yol g\u00f6sterici ve uzla\u015fmac\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler devreye ta\u015f\u0131nmal\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  11. Islah\u0131 \u00f6nceleyen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ortam olu\u015fturma, cezaevini “ceza mahallesine” d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrecek geni\u015fli\u011fe kavu\u015fturma, k\u00fct\u00fcphane ve etkinlikler olu\u015fturma gibi alternatifler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeli.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  12. Mahk\u00fbmun “umut hakk\u0131n\u0131” korumak i\u00e7in \u00f6nerdi\u011fimiz sivil katk\u0131ya a\u00e7\u0131k, akademi ve yarg\u0131 \u00fcyelerinden olu\u015fan kurum, su\u00e7u \u00f6nleme ve \u0131slah\u0131 sa\u011flama ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 kamuoyuyla, h\u00fck\u00fcmetle, yarg\u0131n\u0131n ilgili kurumlar\u0131yla ve meclisle payla\u015fmal\u0131. S\u00fcreklili\u011fini ve verimlili\u011fini denetleyecek yap\u0131lanmay\u0131 kendi i\u00e7inde sa\u011flamal\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Ayr\u0131ca bu kurum d\u00fcnya yarg\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini, ceza y\u00f6ntemlerini inceleyerek k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcze uygun pratikleri b\u00fcnyeye kazand\u0131rmal\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Umut hakk\u0131n\u0131 korumak, insan\u0131 g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcs\u00fcz b\u0131rakmamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0130nsan de\u011ferlidir. \u201c\u0130nsana kar\u015f\u0131 olmadan insan\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck eylemine kar\u015f\u0131 olma\u201d konusunda toplumda bilin\u00e7 geli\u015ftirilmelidir. Bu ilke \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde okullara d\u00f6n\u00fck programlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve hatta bununla ilgili ders konmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ahmet MERCAN \u0130nsan, toplumsal ya\u015fant\u0131ya ihtiya\u00e7 duyan ve toplumu olu\u015fturan varl\u0131kt\u0131r. D\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6zlerini ailede a\u00e7an, okul ile \u00e7evreyle ilgi kurma s\u00fcrecine giren insan, m\u00fcmeyyiz vasf\u0131na eri\u015fti\u011finde meslek \u00fczerinden topluma katk\u0131 sunar ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ileti\u015fime girer. Toplumsal hayat prati\u011fi ve potansiyeli, “d\u00fczeni” gerekli k\u0131lar. Hukuk ise ayr\u0131m ve ayr\u0131cal\u0131k tan\u0131madan insanlar\u0131 bir arada tutar, korunan haklar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":322,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[44],"issue":[75],"class_list":["post-372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-202608_1","tag-ahmet-mercan","issue-agustos-2026"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/372","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=372"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/372\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":373,"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/372\/revisions\/373"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=372"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=372"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=372"},{"taxonomy":"issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozgurcedergi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fissue&post=372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}